Yarn-support for dyeing.



J. C. HEBBEN & P. H. DANIELL.

YARN SUPPORT FOR DYEING.

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA PR.10,1909. 942,856. Patented Dec. 7, 1909. 3 EEEEEEEEEEEE 1.

f/l/MH If Hm u mgm J. C. HEBBEN & P. H. DANIELL.

YARN SUPPORT POR DYEING.

APPLICATION FILED APR,10,1909.

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J. G. HEBBEN & F. H. DANIELL. YARN SUPPORT Foa DYEING. APPLICATION ILBD APR.10, 1909.

Patented Dec. 7, 1909.

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UNITED strains' PATENT OFFICE.

.JOHN C. HEBDEN, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, AND FREDERICK H. DANIELL, 0l"

' FRANKLIN, NEW HAMPSHIRE i YARN-SUPPORT FOR DYEING.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Original application led November 10, 1908, Serial No. 461,911. Divided and this application led April 10, 1909. Serial No. 489,143.

To all lwhom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN C. HEBBEN and FREDERICK H. DANIELL, citizens of the United States, residing at Providence, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, and Franklin, in the county of Merrimack and State of New Hampshire, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Yarn-Supports for Dyeing, of which the following 1s a specification.

Our invention is a yarnsupport for use in dyeing and similar processes and consists of a novel form of holder for supporting yarn packages or bobbins so that the latter may be nested together to form a continuous tubular mass of material with a central channel extending throughout its length.

Our invention relates particularly to the dyeing or similar treatment of knitting bob bins or relatively large yarn packages which are adapted for use on knitting machines or for other purposes where an especially free delivery of the yarn is required.

The method of dyeing herein referred to constitutes the subject matter of an earlier application, No. 461,911, of which this is a division.

The device is fully described in the following specification, illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the bobbin holder or supportwith the form of the package shown by dot-and-dash lilies; Fig. 2, a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the method of arranging a plurality of bobbins under compresslon for subjection to the dyeing or other process; Fig. 3, a detail view of a part of the apparatus for supporting the bobbins in alinement under compression. Figs. 4 and 5 show modifications in the form and structure of the holder.

.ln winding yarn for delivery to knitting machines it 1s necessary that the bobbin be formed with a nose or delivery end of eX- treme taper so that the yarn may be unwound .with the utmost freedom, without drag or resistance. The standard form of knitting bobbin now in general use is what is termed a bottle bobbin and approximates a bottle in shape, having a fiat base, a cylindrical body, 'and ay tapered nose. This form of bobbin is wound on a` wooden holder (gienerally referred to as an empty bobbin, w en bare) havin a comparatively long barrel or shank an a frusto-conical head or base at one end. The winding is started on the conical former or base and continued in conical layers superimposed on each other, so that the bobbm has a uniform diameter throu hout its c lindrical ortion e ual to g Y dP (l the lbase of the holder, an a delivery nose of t-he same taper as the wooden base. The

bobbins contain a large quantity of yarn7 hollow, pervious holder which permits the nesting together of a plurality of these bobbins, so that the yarn masses may be subjected to compression, and an interior channel rovided, with openings forthe iiow of the iquor into the surrounding mass.

ln Fig. 1,. arepresents the hollow, perforated holder or yarn support which is preferably made of sheet metal and shaped with a 'l frusto-conical base portion t and a tube or barrel c. The base portion b corresponds in outward form tothe solid head or butt of the usual wooden bobbin and the tube portion c takes the place of the barrel or shank. It is preferable to form the tube portion with a slight taper, as shown, to provide for greater freedom of delivery as the yarn is unwound therefrom. The holder ais perforated with a suiiicient number of openings 0l, Z etc. to provide for a free flow of the liquor. These are shown as relatively narrow, rectangular slits running the. length of the tube, this shape being preferable as it providesa better surface on which to wind the first layers of lyarn whereas if the holes were Wider the thread or yarn guidel would be liable to catch in them as it traversed the surface of the holder. 'At the same time this form of perforation is not essential as small round or square holes would secure the v same e'ect.

The yarn -y is wound on the holder a in the usual manner for producing bobbins of l this eneral form as represented by A. The rst layers are deposited on the conical base portion b with a traverse equal to the length of the tapered portion of the base, and, as lo the winding continues, the traverse gradually along the holder so that the bobbin grows by longitudinal extension, without any increase 1n diameter, until the end of the tube is reached. The perforations in the holder serve to roughen its surface slightly, so that the lirst coils wound on are v prevented from slipping down from the tapered portion on to the barrel, but this roughness is not enough to prevent free delivery ofthe last fewvcoils, in unwinding, because of the tendency of the yarn to fly out or balloon in delivering. With the previously mentioned wooden holder, now'in general use, it is necessary to havethe base covered with a rough cloth .to prevent the coils from slipping, but with the present holder this is not required.

Fig. 2 illustrates the method of assembling the bobbins in units for subjection to the dyeing or other process, and also the manner of compressing the yarn into a continuous, tubular mass of uniform density. Any

number of bobbins might be combined, butl We have preferred to show a convenient number, three, assembled as now described:

The bobbins are nested together in male-andfemale fashion and for convenience in handling we provide the apparatus'shown and described more articularly in our previous 4Q application, Serial No. 461,911, filed November 10, 1908. As shown in Fig. 2, this consists of a flange or base-plate f formed with a tapered plug g and a central bore h. Se-

cured to the base-plate f is a hollow, perforated,iconical form z', adapted to fit the opening in the base end of the bobbin holder a.

A similarly shaped, perforated f orm j is adapted to t over the nose of one of the bobbins. The perforations inthe form z' are graduated in size, with the largest holes near the small end, and similar perfora- 'tions in the form j are also of graduated dimensions, but arranged in opposite relation, with the largest openings near the large end of the form, but not here shown. The

` purpose of this arrangement will be described later.

The form j is closed at its small end by a cap m, suitably securedthereto, and fastened to the inside of the cap by its end is a tie-piece or stringer'n. The stringer vu serves as a 'central su port or skewer on which to' string the bo bins and, while not absolutely necessary for their arrangement,

55 is a convenient means for handling the bobbins in assembling them in units and in transportm them to and from the dye vat or kelr. T e preferred form of the stringer a is shown inthe end view, Fig. 3, illustrat ing an angle-mon of V-shaped section of dimenslons to adapt it to pass throu h the small end of the barrel o ofv the obbin holder. The angle form of the stringer n provides for a channel through the openings in the bobbins, without obstruction to the llow of the liquor. At one end of the stringer its sides are bent out in the lips o-o, which are riveted or otherwise'suitably secured to the cap m. At its opposite end the stringer is provided with a button or latch p, go pivoted at g to allow it to be turned parallel with the stringer to pass through the bore It of the base-plate f. After the bobbins are assembled on the stringer, the base-plate is set up against the base of the first bobbin A, with the form z' entering the opening in the latter, and the end of the stringer n projecting through the bore h. The button p is then turned to engage the end of the plug g and the bobbins' are thus held assembled in 90 alinement in a unit adapted Ito be conveniently handled.

To force the cops to ether to compress the yarn masses, two hea ed rods r are carried through suitable holes near the rim of the flange f, the ends of the rods being threaded at 8 8. A cross-piece t, having holes to receive the ends of the rods 7-11, is placed with its boss or lug u against-the end of the cap m and suitable hand-nuts v-'v arescrewed down on the rods. It will be obvious that a flange or plate might be substituted for the cross-piece t with any number of rods arranged around the outside of the bobbins, but for all practical purposes the two rods shown are sufficient.

By screwing the hand-nuts @-11 down/on the rods 1' -f/' the form j is pressed firmly down on the nose of the bobbin A3, and this bobbin, in turn, is forced downward to bring itsy base into close Contact with the nose of the next bobbin A2 and so on with all of the bobbins in the series; the bobbin A being forced on to the form z' with its base tight against the base-plate f. Fig. 2 shows the 115 bobbins drawn to ether in the manner above described, but be orethe dyeing fluid is applied it is advantageous to compress the bobbins slightly to insure that their yarn masses shall all be of uniformdensit-y and topre- 120 vent the liquor, or gas, if the latter is used,

from escaping between adjoining ends of the bobbins. To effect this compression it is` onl necessary to screw the hand-nuts v-v stil farther down on the rods 1*-42 The 125 yarn between the form and form 1I will then be compressed longitudinally of the axes of the bobbins into one continuous,-tu bular mass, with onl ,the porous base-portions b'-b, etc. of t e holders intervening 130 between the several bobbins. It will be understood that the strin er fn. is free to slide through the bore k of t 1e base-plate fas the latter and the form are brought together under influence of the pressure of the crosspiece t. It wi-ll alsobe seen that the Stringer o1, might be dispensed with except for the convenience of carrying the bobbins on it.

The plug g on the base-plate f is'adapted to fit a bore lw in a pipe or chamber through which the dyein Huid is supplied. The plug can be arrange to screw into this bore, or the base-plate f mi ht be clamped down to hold it in position y any suitable means, as preferred. The arrangement and relation of the parts of the apparatus having now been particularly described the operation of the whole device used in connection with the yarn support or holder which forms the subject of the present invention will next be explained.

The bobbins having been wound' on the hollow holders a they are assembled on the stringer n with the nose of each bobbin projecting into the hollow of the base of the next bobbin. Two ways of assembling the bobbins are available: The base-` plate f may be set on the Hoor and the first bobbin A set on the form z' and the succeeding bobbins A2, A3 (and others, in series, if required) built up, one upon another. The stringer n is then run through the several holders, to skewer them together, and its end secured to the base-plate. It will be understood that the yarn can be compressed enough by hand to force the Stringer through the base-plate far enough to allow the button y) to be turned to engage it with the end of the plug g. Another method is to skewer the bobbins on to the stringer n first, and then apply the base-plate Vhen a suitable number of bobbins have been assembled to till the stringer, the cross-piece t is applied and pressed down on the cap m by means of the hand-nuts. This may be done before or after the base-plate is connected with the liquor supply chamber. As the yarn is compressed it contracts along the axes of the bobbins, the coils of winding closing up slightly at points where the bobbins are softest, so that finally the yarn mass is of uniform density throughout. It will be seen that the tubes c telescope, one within the other, to allow this contraction so that it is not necessary to employ contractible tubes. This is one of the advantages of forming the tube portion c of the holder a tapered, but a cylindrical tube might be used by adapting the construction of the tubes shown in vour applications for patents now pending,'Serial No. 417,419, tiled February 24, 1908, and Serial No. 452,960, tiled September 14, 1908, to this form of holder. Figs. 4 and 5 show two such forms of holders with their barrels constructed as follows :-In Fig. 4, the tu e c formed of a helically coiled wire c2 which has its endv coil riveted or otherwise fastened to the small end of the frusto conical base portion lb of the holder a. The coil is surrounded by a tubular sleeve 03 of reticulated fabric which serves as a cylindrical support vfor the yarn Wound on the holder and prevents the coils of yarn from drawing down between the coils of wire. The sleeve c is porous, being preferablymade of a fabric of open mesh, so as to allow the passage of the dye liquor or other Huid. A

Fig. 5 shows a form of holder having the tube c constructed from flat metal strips c4, c5 coiled with their edges overlapping each other and perforated with holes d-Z etc., similar to the holes in the base portion b. One end of the cylindrical tube c thus formed is secured in the small end of the base portion b by riveting or other suitable means. Instead of coiling two strips, a sinle strip might be coiled upon itself, and further, strips of wire screen cloth might be substituted for the perforated sheet metal.

With either of these forms of tubes just described the bobbins will be stacked for dyeing or other treatment in the same manner as before explained; the pointed end of one bobbin nesting in the hollow end of the next bobbin. lt will be understood 'that when the bobbins are compressed along their axes the tubular portions of the holders, instead of sliding, one within another, will contract longitudinally to allow the compression of the yarn so that the same effect is secured as with the use ofl holders having tapered barrels.

The dye liquor, or other liquid or gas, according to the process contemplated, is sup,- plied through the chamber and it is intended that a number of units of bobbins be treated at one time from the same supply, all being connected with the chamber w and inclosed in the same keir or vat. The liquor or gas is forced into the chamber under pressure and passes through the bore h in the base-plate f into the opening or channel running through the tubes c. The cap m prevents escape of the fluid-at the end of the series of bobbins and the perforations in the holders provide egress for the iuid from the tubes into the yarn mass. The base portions of the holders being also perforated, there will be no restriction of the flow of the liquor or gas at the points where the bobbins adjoin, so that, virtually, the whole yarn mass constitutes a porous tube susceptible to thorough permeation. The form el, as before-explained, has the largest perforations nearest its small end, and the reason for this is, that as there is a greater proportion of the yarn mass contiguous to the holder at this point than at the large end of the form, it is advantageous to have a It) j Ithe outside, using the interior channel as an outlettor exhaust. After the dyeing process has been completed the yarn can be washed by umping water or a solution through the bobhins in the same manner,'and, again, air or steam can be forced through them for drying purposes. Both the saturation and drying processes might be accomplished in one container or keir but it has been found preferable to use a separate receptacle for drying, and it will be seen that the bobbin.

units can be handled very conveniently lin changing from one to the other. It is not required to se arate the bobbins of the different units uring the several operations,

f but is only necessary to make new connecapparatus. 3 ,01

tions of the base-plates with the different After the bobbins have been treated and dried the cross-piece t is taken off and thestringer n removed. The yarn will then be in practically the same condition 'as when rst wound, ready for delivery direct to the knitting or other machine. It will be realized that the several rewinding processes necessary to convert the yarn from the skein, hank or cop, in which it is usually dyed, to the bobbin are thus eliminated and an immense savingr in cost is therefore realized.

.I-laving now described our invention and the particular method of its use in dyeing or otherwise similarly treating large masses of yarn in the form of commercial bobbins, it is now pointed out that the novel feat-ure for which we wish to secure protection is the improved form of yarn support or holder. While we are aware that the use of rigid, perforated tubes for dyeing yarn packages is not new in the art, we believe that the present invention possesses patentable novelty in that, heretofore, no attempt has been made to provide aholder for dyeing l yarn in this particular form whereby it can lic compressed longitlulinally of its support notwithstaiuling said support is rigid.

'lhe distinguishing feature of the invention is the means for supporting the yarn on a hollow base or former in conical layers continued throughout the whole length of the bobbin and terminating in a tapered nose which is adapted to fit the corresponding opening in the base of an adjacent bobbin. This form of holder provides for the nesting of the bobbinsI together with the nose of one bobbin h'tted to the opening in the base of the next adjacent bobbin thus enabling us to compress the lseveral masses of yarn between the conical forms of the supports (notwithstanding the fact that the supports themselves are non-compressible) to produce a uniform density of the yarn and secure the advantages hereinbeforc pointed out in the processes of dyeing or lsimilar treatment of textiles.

What we claim is use in treating yarn with luids, comprising a hollow, porous frusto-conical base portion and a porous, tubular barrel connected thereto.

2. The Within described yarn support for dyeing, comprising a hollow, frusto-conical base and a tapered, tubularbarrel projecting from the base, with perforations in the base and barrel.

3. The within described yarn support, for use in treating textiles with fiuids, formed of sheet metal with a hollow, frusto-onical base portion and a tubular barrel, with perforations in the base and barrel.

4. The within described yarn support for use in treating textiles with fluids comprising a hollow, frusto-conical base portion. and a ltubular barrel projecting therefrom. with narrow openings in the base and barrel portions extending in the direction of the axis of the support.

In testimony whereof we aix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

JOHT C. HEBDEN. FREDERICK H. DANIELL.

lVitnesses ALEX. XoUNG DAvIsoN, W'M. S. VALnNn.

1. The within described yarn support for 

